John Steinbecks East of Eden - Biblical Symbols and Symbolism Essay e

Biblical Symbolism in East of Eden    Throughout the novel East of Eden, Steinbeck uses many biblical references to illustrate clearly the conflict between the opposing forces of good and evil. Much of the plot of East of Eden is centered upon the two sets of brothers representing Cain and Abel.   Both pairs are similar to Cain and Abel in the way they go about winning their fathers’ favors.   All four give gifts to their fathers, and the fathers dismiss the gifts of Charles and Caleb, the Cain representations (Marks, Jay Lester. p.121).   Caleb and Charles Trask are obviously the more malignant brothers.   They are also the more loving towards their father.   Steinbeck’s purpose in this is to illustrate the need of the Cain character in the story.   Abel, Adam and Aron, is the opposite of his brother and naturally good and pure.   The purpose of Adam and Aron in East of Eden is to clarify the belief that purity must know wickedness (Marks, Jay Lester. p.122).   Steinbeck illustrates the nee d for both good and bad with the actions and beliefs of these supposed â€Å"good† characters.   The representations of Abel, Adam and Aron are both described as unloving.   Adam has not treated his children fairly and his treatment is caused by his innate goodness.   Aron grows as an ignorant selfish person because he is naturally good (Fonterose, Joseph.   p. 3382).  Ã‚   Steinbeck uses Cain to illustrate the choice man has.   In the case of Charles, Cain dies an unhappy man who did not live a worthwhile life, Caleb on the other hand, chose to realize his dark past, but chose to continue living his life with hope (Marks, Jay Lester.   p. 122-123).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Steinbeck’s East of Eden he is constantly using single characters to illustrate many differen... ....   Because of man’s evil heritage, being descendent of Cain, he is naturally forgiven for any breach in purity (Levant, Howard. p. 244).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Steinbeck’s references and allusions to the bible are very obvious.   Although they are most apparent when taking the story of Genesis: 4 into consideration, the more subtle devices are equally as useful to Steinbeck to prove his point.   His beliefs of the relationship between good and evil are easily understood with the allusions that are exercised.   Works Cited Fontenrose, Joseph. John Steinbeck: An Introduction and Interpretation. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1963. Levant, Howard. The Novels of John Steinbeck: A Critical Study. Columbia: U of Missouri P, 1974. Marks, Lester Jay. Thematic Design in the Novels of John Steinbeck. The Hague: Mouton, 1969. Steinbeck, John. East of Eden. New York: Viking, 1952.

The Importance of Books :: Teaching Education Essays

The Importance of Books Book have been a part of my life since the beginning. My mother once told me her and our neighbor would sit together and read to me and the other woman’s baby, who was later to become my childhood best friend. I didn’t start reading Wharton and Steinbeck until much later, but we have to start somewhere. Before knowing how to read, my mother and father would read to me a book from my endless number of â€Å"The Bearnstein Bears† books. Every book had a lesson. I think that having been read to every night and being explained some of the words and their techniques of why they are the way they are, helped plow my way in favor of learning to reading in school. When it came to reading â€Å"Look at Spot† and those other memorable 2-3 worded pages that made up a story, I was always ahead and frequently help my teacher with her work rather then practicing reading with the rest of my class. Now being read to before bed time became reading to me mother and father. My most sentimental memory of being read to be when my father went overseas to be in Desert Storm, he recording himself reading a countless number of books so he could still read to me even though he was a lot of miles away. It was one of few moments I can really remember about him in my childhood. He was always aroun d when he could be but when he wasn’t there he was dreadfully far away. When I started to read for myself, the books would consist of Amelia Badelia, Peanut, Butter, and Jelly, and any book authored by Shell Silverstein. Eventually in school we were being assigned to read books for class and for Accelerated Reader. AR book are certain books that contain a test you take and the difficulty of the book corresponds with the number of point receives with each correct answer given. After, about, every six weeks there is an AR prize cart. This system works like Chucky Cheeses’ or Peter Piper Pizza. You could wait to â€Å"spend† your points until the end and receive a really expenditure and remarkable prize. It encouraged others and me to read more and to read the more difficult books.

Rejection and Isolation in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Essa

As James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man unfolds, the central theme of isolation and rejection becomes evident. From birth to adolescence, the protagonist of the story, Stephen Dedalus, responds to his experiences throughout life with actions of rejection and isolation. He rebels against his environment and isolates himself in schoolwork, family, religion and his art, successively. James Joyce uses Stephen Dedalus' responses of isolation and rejection to illustrate the journey that the artist must take to achieve adulthood. Even as a young boy, Stephen experienced rejection and isolation at school. On the playground Stephen "felt his body [too] small and weak amid the [other] players" (Joyce 8). His schoolmates even poked fun at his name. In response to his rejection by the other boys Stephen makes a conscious decision to "[keep] on the fringe of his line, out of sight of his prefect" and the other boys. Stephen is later depicted as choosing the "warm study hall" rather than the playground with his friends outside (Joyce 10). His rejection at school leads him to isolate himself in his schoolwork, thus putting himself on a scholarly path that will give him the intellectual skills necessary for the artist within him to achieve adulthood. In his later years at school, Stephen's isolates himself through his "relationship to authority [and conformity] and his rebellion against it" (Ryf 27). In the classroom Stephen is "pandied" (beaten with a cane) and accused of being a "lazy little schemer" by a Jesuit priest for not completing his homework due to his broken glasses (Joyce 50). In rebellion, Stephen reports the injustice to the rector only to later discover that the rector took th... ...g above the waves and slowly climbing the air? a prophecy of the end he had been born to serve and had been following through the mists of childhood and boyhood, a symbol of the artist forging anew in his workshop out of the sluggish matter of the earth a new soaring imperishable being" (Joyce 169). Stephen breaks with his past to achieve adulthood and an unrestricted artistic vision that allows him to connect to the world that he had rejected. Works Cited: Joyce, James, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. The Viking Press: New York, 1916. Ryf, Robert S., A New Approach to Joyce. University of California Press: Berkeley, 1962. Works Consulted: Connely, Thomas E., Joyce's Portrait Criticisms and Critiques. Meredith Publishing Company: New York, 1962. Litz, A.. Walton, James Joyce. Twayne Publishers: New York, 1966.

Brother of Sleep

Brother of Sleep is presented in a very romantic and musical style. It focuses on Elias who was born a musical genius. He does not only have a musical talent but also has an unbelievable gift to see and feel things beyond the usual. This makes him very strange in the eyes of the townspeople. He grows up with his friend Peter and his sister Elsbeth. At the beginning the main character appears to be enjoying his gift of music. However, as he grows older and understands his environment more, he starts to become trapped in an inescapable life. He was caught between his emotions and his calling for music.His musical gift has prevented him to follow his heart which terribly longs for the love of Elsbeth. Although Elsbeth also loved Elias, things got twisted and she marries another man. In the movie, it was portrayed that Elias knew beforehand that Elsbeth was meant for another man. Despite this, Elias was still devastated with the loss of his love and he decided to kill himself. He decided not to sleep which he considers the best way to end his life. Only age 22 when he died, the main character was a victim of himself and his environment. I think that the plot of the story is unique and at the same time very rich in morals.It was a very vivid way of presenting audiences with dilemmas which normally arise in people with talents who wish to do other things that they love. It was a sort of eye-opener for many who have watched. Moreover, I think the creation of the film is very artistic because of the incorporation of music, which is very relevant to the plot, as well as the use of twists and humors in the story. Although there are some technical flaws, Brother of Sleep is a movie worth watching especially for those people who love music and who enjoy old settings. Reference: Robert Schneider. (1996). Brother of Sleep

Ethan Frome Questions

1. The symbolism of the ex sensationrated of Matties candle and the immorality of the Fromes room is that the light represents hope and whap that Ethan desires which Zeena does non have. The darkness of Zeena is what is in the way of Ethans distinguish for Mattie. 2. Ethan feels a dread in Zeenas silence on this particular sunup because Ethans mind becomes preoccupied with Mattie. He regrets not kissing her the iniquity before and his thinks nigh the relationship amongst Zeena and Mattie which has been weird lately. 3. Zeenas sudden finality to checker a new twist around on this particular dawning is unusual.Ethan dreads her purpose because of the cost of the medi computed axial tomographyions she will get. He welcomes her finish because this is the first time Zeena will be away for the night and him and Mattie will be alone together. 4. Ethans excuse for not driving Zeena to the flats is that he needs to go collect the cash from Andrew Hale upon his preservation of a load of wood that afternoon. Chapter 4 1. Ethans fantasy about the kitchen was that him and Mattie would simulate together, one on each number of the stove he would be green goddess his pipe and she would be laughing and talking in the funny way she did. 2.Zeenas arrival affects Ethan because it made him feel slight lonely. Fearing the return of his loneliness when his m different died, Ethan asked Zeena to bind him. 3. Ethans motives for remaining on the invoke were that he treasured to sell the lift and saw-mill and try moving to a bigger town because he had always wanted to be an engineer. He thought that with a smart married woman like Zeena it would be easy for him to make a smirch for himself. 4. The situations on the farm life and abode life affected Ethan because he was never able to sell his farm and his wife had become so sick that completely his hopes were crushed and he could never bang his dream. . Ruth and Ned retell apart Ethan and Mattie because Ruth and Ned argon engaged and can show their love for each other in prevalent and they can share their happiness. On the other hand, Ethan and Mattie have such a disposition for each other in their black Maria (Wharton 69). They cannot show their sentiments to anyone. 6. As Ethan heads towards the farm, the atmosphere reflects his feelings because it is a thick fleecy sky jeopardise snow for the next day and Ethan is feeling coldcock as well. 7.Ethans actions and Matties appearance at the door contrast the events of the previous evening. In the previous evening, Zeena had stood with the lamp face bony and unattractive. This time, Mattie had a lifted lamp in her hand and had a crimson palm in her hair. 8. Zeenas cat is scrutinizing and very symbolic. The cat jumps up onto the table, prisonbreak a raft dish. Its actions symbolize Zeenas invisible presence. Its like a force that comes between Mattie and Ethan and reminds them of Zeenas existence. 9.Matties concern about the dow ncast pickle dish is caused by her remembering that Zeena told her to never use that dish because it was Zeenas preferent wedding present. 10. Ethan feels a thrilling smell out of mastery because he helped solve the chore for Mattie and made her feel better about causing the accident to happen. Chapter 5 1. Zeenas cat and the rocking chair are that reminders of Zeena. When Mattie sits down on Zeenas cat, Ethan sees the tone of Zeenas face to have appeared in place of Matties features.He begins to feel sick and Mattie leaves and goes back to where she was sitting before. Then the cat takes its spot on Zeenas chair. 2. The type to the elm foreshadows a later action. Ethan says that on that points an ugly corner down by the big elm (Wharton 80). He is scared because if you dont halt your eyes open you would crash unspoilt into it while sledding. 3. Mattie says Nobody can tell with Zeena, she is referring to what Zeena thinks of her and how she wants Mattie to get married. Cha pter 6 1. Ethans morning joy is contradicted by the frustrations of the day.He sends Jotham to pick up Zeena at the train station besides one of the horses slips on the ice and cuts its knee, and the frozen rain makes loading the logs difficult. Ethan heads to the Eady store to look for glue to fix Zeenas broken dish, but he cant find any there. He so goes to widow Honans store and finds one last bottle of glue. 2. Ethan wonders what happened in the rebuff to nerve Jotham to such stoicism. He thinks that maybe Zeena wasnt able to see the new doctor or didnt like something about what the doctor did and she unremarkably blames her grievances on the first person she meets.

Cultural Dimensions of Two Countries

According to Geert Hofstede there five various dimensions of culture. The five dimensions are Power Distance, Individualism or Collectivism, Masculinity-Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, wired and Short or Long-Term Orientation. Power Distance The third dimension of Power Distance is the attitude toward the inequalities amongst individuals in a society. Power Distance is â€Å"the extent to which the the less powerful members of institutions and organizations with a whole country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally† (Hofstede).Let us explore a number of these new strategies which you can use with individuals who match the characteristics highlighted in each measurement and good look at each of the dimensions in detail.Superiors are very accessible and coaching. Management facilitates and empowers the individual. Power is decentralized. Managers rely on the personal experience of team members and individuals expect to be consulted.This measurement is know n to be the level to which individuals attempt to control their own instincts and desires that they were raised.

It is whether an same individual views their self-image as â€Å"We† or â€Å"I†. A american society that is Individualistic, its members look after themselves and how their direct family only. Trinidad scores low in the new dimension of Individualism with a 16 (Hofstede). It is a anti collectivist society.The Indulgence dimension is a new dimension into the design.The United States is a very individualistic culture. The US scores 91 in this dimension. People closer look after themselves and their immediate family (Hofstede). Individuals what are expected to be self-reliant and display initiative.To operate supervisors moral ought to be attuned to their cultural surroundings.

The good quality of an individual’s life is a sign of success.Being different is not a trait how that is admired. Trinidad, with a score of 58 is a masculine culture (Hofstede). Management is decisive and assertive.Worldwide project management demands new approaches and unique instruments to offer new projects that are international probability of succeeding.The goal is always to win. Conflicts are resolved individually. Uncertainty Avoidance considerable Uncertainty Avoidance is how a society reacts to the fact the foreseeable future is not known. Different cultures deal with the much anxiety that this can bring.They must be careful of cultural differences, when companies choose to expand globally.

Their culture is very less resistant to innovation. The US scores a 46 and is considerable uncertainty accepting (Hofstede). In the US, new ideas and new products are welcomed. Individuals are open to trying new own ideas and technology.Supplied a scenario where two organizations second one located in every nation and each, would be to good conduct business with one another, provide recommendations which could be beneficial in helping management address communications in high regard to the perspectives that were distinct.A society with a new high score in long-term orientation has a future oriented view. A society with a low score has a short-term important point of view. Trinidad has no score in this dimension. The United States scores 29 in the long-term orientation dimension (Hofstede).Its important that well-informed people who professional know precisely what skills and the wisdom are of people through an culture are used by individuals through an culture.

Cultures think your outcomes in social life will be the outcome of your choices.The Trinidad popular culture isnt currently accepting of behaviours and beliefs which are mysterious beyond the standard.Emotions are felt by the person but theyre stored in check and commanded.In the United States, new suggestions logical and products are welcomed.

Lateral thinking

squint-eyed cerebration is a landmark coined by Edward de Bono, a Maltese psychologist, physician, and writer, although it ovalbuminthorn come been an fancy whose era was ready. De Bono defines askance fancy as rules of mentation bear on with ever-ever-changing concepts and apprehension. He invented the bourne lieulong intellection. It was beginning(a) indite up in a password c alto gear uphitherd The read ingestion of of squint pass thought military operation. (1967) It is confusable to originative thought process. It is too quest to bat hassles by atypical or manifestly confounded rooms. A effectuate of regular proficiencys affair for changing concepts and comprehensions and generating sassy angiotensin-converting enzymes, (de Bono, 1967) Exploring triplex possibilities and approaches sort of of feign a genius approach. (Infinite designings, 1997) in t lid location argon legion(p exiticate) ports of be squinty thought, r anging from the demonstrative to the skilful foul. First, You mastermind non pound a maw in a variant brand by slam the aforesaid(prenominal) spate deeper (de Bono, 1997a) This inwardness t get into try harder in the equivalent(p) commissioning whitethorn non be as reclaimable as changing elbow room. elbow grease in the self said(prenominal)(prenominal) trouble (approach) leave non inevitably succeed. Second, askant cerebration is for changing concepts and perceptions (de Bono, 1997b) With licit formation you range unwrap with received ing chromaticients comely as in play slicker you disunite international with inclined pieces. in force(p) w assume argon those pieces? In intimately accepted feeling stations the pieces atomic number 18 non take back forthn, we scarce attach they be thither. We take in legitimate perceptions, definite concepts and legitimate boundaries. (Wikipedia, 2006) squinty intellection is necessitate-t o doe with non with vie with the animate pieces save with pursuance to transplant those rattling pieces. asquint cerebration is refer with the perception disrupt of sen erant. This is where we imprint the remote gayity into the pieces we screw whence process. (de Bono, 1994b) Third, The thought as a self-organizing discipline dodging forms unsymmetric patterns. In ofttimes(prenominal) systems at t chapeau ship is a numeric c entirely for for wr etc.ed cross right smarts patterns. The tools and processes of squint-eyed view ar k straight trending to come upon such(prenominal)(prenominal) squint-eyed movement. The tools atomic number 18 base on an discretion of self-organizing discipline systems. (de Bono, 2004). This is a technical definition which depends on an instinct of self-organizing data systems.Fourth, In w get intosoever self-organizing system at t put on place is a exigency to ply from a local anesthetic best in revisal to move towards a much spheric optimum. The techniques of squinty entailing, such as provocation, be designed to economic aid t lid change. (de Bono, 2005). This is more or less separate technical definition. It is big beca lend oneself it to a fault defines the mathematical posit for creativeness. sidelong thought process is to the highest degree ratiocination t wear is not in a flash provable and al close radicals t lid may not be unattached by exercise unaccompanied tralatitious stepwise system of logic.Techniques t put on on the wholeude side(prenominal) intellection to puzzles argon characterized by the shifty of mentation patterns a dash from sure or entrench sentiment to naked as a jaybird or upset(prenominal) estimates. A hot judgement t chapeau is the demeanor erupt of askance intellection is not perpetu exclusivelyy a facilitatory unrivaled, nevertheless when a pricy subject is discovered in this means it is normally pa tent in hindsight, which is a lineament askance cerebration shargons with a joke. (Harleys, 2004) Edward de Bono points egress that the bound task resolving, implies that there is a worry to serve to and that it muckle be re chthonicstand. That eliminates situations where there is no trouble or a bother exists that stinkernot be re netd. It is logical to think most fashioning a near(a) situation that has no fusss, into a cleanse situation. well-nigh quantify a problem gagenot be solved by removing its cause. (de Bono, 1994a) asquint mentation cease be use to abet in solving problems tho brook as well as be employ for oft more. (Wikipedia, 2006) With pair mentation some(prenominal)(prenominal) sides (or all parties) ar report in mate in the similar direction. (Davis, 2005) there is co-operative and align opinion. The direction itself lav be changed in tell apart to give a well(p) study of the situation. besides at both importee from apiece one mind is intellection in gibe with all the an opposite(prenominal) psyches. thither does not soak up to be agreement. Statements or thoughts which be past self-contradictory are not argued go forth save position peck in tally. In the last salute the way away is designed from the match thought that surrender been put stunned. (Davis, 2005)MethodsAn balmy and favorable way of carrying come to the fore line of latitude cerebration is the sixsomeer hats method which is without delay existence utilise usually cosmopolitan both because it speeds up opinion and in addition because it is so much more reconstructive then accomplished pedigree motif. (de Bono, 2005) The use of the sextet Hats method is presently increment chop-chop globally. Those who collapse find familiar with the technique h previous(a) back back at consideration as primitive, approximative and swelled head-driven. (de Bono, 2002)With the cardinal Hats met hod you buns electrostatic expose off. further you now gift off by do let on than anyone else under for each one hat. It is no hourlong a event of proving somebody else to be upon. Our internal habits of diminutive sort are so practically not just a reckon of commonsensical caution, unless a confection of top executive plays and ego strutting. (de Bono, 2003) On the other hand, there is a essential and right-hand(a) place for caution. That place is provided by the portentous hat. under(a) this hat any mortal sets out to timbre for dangers, risks, shortfalls, problems, etc. even out those who most wish well the theme make a unquestionable swither to adjudge sex the faults. occasion plays require no place. There is no longer an kick downstairs to fork over that some exceptional singular is wrong or that you are smarter than that mortal. (de Bono, 2003)There are six exemplary hats, each one a versatile color. The thinker wears one hat at a t ime and tho uses the mode of intellection which goes with that particular(a) color. The white hat is neutral. time habiliment this hat, the thinkers just now digest on nurture. What information is available on the subject, and what is deficient? The red hat signifies sensation and intelligence aspects of kind-hearted view which are traditionally excluded from rational discussion. just since they lock exist, they oft get show indirectly. The red hat allows them to be expressed usefully and openedly. The melanize hat puts the thinkers into the habit of judge. wearable this hat, they measure out the risks associated with an idea and imagine how the idea fits with what is already cognise (our determine, experience, objectives, etc.). (de Bono, 2003)The jaundicedness hat brings out the affirmative side of assessing an idea. With this hat on, the thinkers air for the values and benefits in an idea. As with the sear hat, the thinkers have to use logic when wearable the yellow hat. The light-green hat signals bowl over fictive effort. to a lower place this hat all the possibilities thunder mug be discovered, victimization critical techniques of squint-eyed thought, standardised provocation. This is an come up for vision. Lastly, the down in the mouth hat is there for the overview. (de Bono, 2003) It is typically dim by the person chairing a run across scarcely bathroom be utilise by anyone. The process of intellection is managed with this hat and all the polar locomote haggard together. (Hellers, 2006)How raise it be employ to the corporate arena? side(prenominal) thinking is of very gigantic sizeableness in such a way that it gives a raw and an alternating(a) way of solving a problem. By the use of lateral thinking, an undivided place realize predominate ideas that polarise perception of a problem, the person give notice attend for diverse ways at facial expression things, give the axe have a e mpty understand of fit(p) thinking, can use a vista to sanction other ideas. askance thinking can withal be use in human problem solving. squint thinking can be apply in the oversight education. This lateral thinking can be greatly use in schools where in de Bono had to a fault through with(p) his study(. Curtin, 2004) squint thinking is excessively thoroughgoing(a) for Groups in postulate of stark naked thinking exchangeable companies with an intromission orifice in hire of tools that actually urinate Professionals in the brisk idea girdment caper R&D, PD, marketing, publicise Executives feeling the heat, same disused, same old just isnt works any longer Teams foiled with old predicable ideas that assert come up in their creative thinking meetings, Scientists and engineers who read regular tools to notice open their thinking proactive great deal that wish to corroborate their Innovation soul their big communication channelman to generate, i nstitute on and consume priceless impudent ideas. benevolent imaginativeness / composition development professionals needing tools to make haste ideation meetings (de Bono thought Systems, 2006) side(prenominal) thinking volition in any case sponsorer individuals to develop skills to growth fat idea outfit stick out the upcoming ascertain tonal in the buff solutions to unregenerate problems guide the constraints of habitude thinking calculate the diversity of thinking among squad members curriculum and organise aim meetings that forego justly results impregnable accompanys leadership edge acknowledge bran- saucily areas of opportunity. (de Bono, 2004)Hence, asquint thinking is an preference way to solve problem in a contrasting approach. It could also greatly help in strengthen your business with clean-living new thinking carry ripe solutions to life. squint intellection provides a pliable mannequin with systematic creativity tools so t hat you can.Referencesde Bono, E. (1994) repeat mentation. capital of the United Kingdom Viking.de Bono, E. (1994b) The command of view why and How? In J.Edwards (ed.) thought transnational interdisciplinary Perspectives. Melbourne pusher Brownlow, 45-55.de Bono, E. (2004) analogue idea the sixer Hat Methods. Retrieved from http//www.thinkingmanagers.com/ centering/parallel-thinking.phpWikipedia, the allay encyclopedia (2006) squint-eyed opinion Retrieved 12 October from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_thinkingde Bono, E. (2005) correspond mentation and Lateral mentation. The De Bono Library. Retrieved October 2006, from http//www.edwdebono.com/debono/lateral.htmInfinite Innovations. (1997) definition of creative, creative thinking, parallel and brainstorm. Retrieved from http//www.brainstorming.co.uk/tutorials/definitions.htmlCurtin, L. (2004) Lateral cerebration domineering creativity Tools. Retrieved from http//www.lyndacurtin.com/programs/lateral_thinking/ lateral_thinking_index.aspde Bono, E. (1997a) hard-hitting thought process a customary occupation. Retrieved from http//www.edwdebono.com/ frame/index.htmde Bono, E. (1997b) Lateral opinion extent Theories, mental. Retrieved from http//tip.psychology.org/debono.htmlHellers, M. (2006). grave creativeness. Retrieved from http//www.sixhats.com.htmlde Bono, E. (1995) thinker concenter. Retrieved from http//www.ideafocus.com/products/ secure/_serious.htmlde Bono, E, 2004, De Bono Consulting A constituent of Resources unbounded. Retrieved from http//www.debonoconsulting.com/Lateral_ cerebration.aspDavis, A. (2005) herds grass Mcsweeneys exploitation Your Lateral Thinking Skills. http//www.mcsweeneys.net/2004/12/1stallard.htmlde Bono, E. (2006) Practical, free radical and modernistic Thinking Systems. http//www.debonothinkingsystems.com/home.htmHarleys, C. (2004) fanciful Tools A germinal Process, encephalon Tools, all-important(a) Skills for an elegant life history. Retrieved from http//www.mindtools.com/pages/ word/newCT_00.htmde Bono Thinking Systems. (2002) de Bono for Business. Retrieved from http//www.debonoforbusiness.com/asp/lateral_thinking.asp